NTC-06.01 “Electrical machines”

• housing, in which part of electrical equipment, electronic boards, front panel, power module and tabletop of integrated desktop are installed;
• machine assembly, which includes DC motor, asynchronous motor with wound rotor, one asynchronous motor with squirrel-cage rotor, as well as an optical speed sensor with the definition of the direction of rotation.

The bench can be supplemented with electrical machinery unit on the basis of electric motors of small (90 W) or large (0.55 kW) power.

The bench housing contains:

• Frequency converter for generating variable frequency three-phase AC network and voltage of asynchronous motor and three-phase transformers power supply. The converter is based on a microcontroller MB90F562 (Fujitsu) and power intelligent module PS11033 (Mitsubishi) / PS11035 (Mitsubishi). The controller is used for calculating input data (specifying voltage and frequency) and output (current, voltage) signals, for data exchange with PC (RS-485), and displaying the measured values on the bench front panel. The power module includes power circuits of three-phase bridge rectifier, three-phase bridge inverter on IGBT transistors, as well as drivers and protection circuits (short circuit, insufficient supply voltage drivers, improper control signals input). The frequency converter allows the user to explore the asynchronous motor in all the four quadrants of the mechanical characteristics.
• Pulse-width converter for the armature circuit and the DC motor excitation winding power supply, as well as power supply of rotor circuit of three-phase asynchronous motor with wound rotor in the mode of synchronous motor and generator. The pulse-width converter is implemented on the basis of the power element of the frequency converter. Two of its arms are used for obtaining reversible symmetric PWC, and the third arm is used as an irreversible PWC for three-phase asynchronous motor rotor. Winding power supply is implemented on a single International Rectifier MOSFET transistor. The control system is based on a microcontroller AT Mega163 (Atmel) and implements the calculation of input (specifies voltage, frequency, and current for dynamic braking) and output (currents of anchor, excitation, rotor) signals, provides data exchange with PC (RS-485), the displaying of measured values on the bench front panel. The pulse-width converter of DC motor armature circuit is supplemented with a closed system mode (current or speed control), as well as generator mode.
• Measurement unit is based on digital measuring devices. In addition to direct current and voltage measurements, each channel can calculate:
  • effective value of alternating current and voltage;
  • shift angle between current and voltage, as well as calculate cos(φ);
  • engine speed according to the signal of an optical or any pulse sensor;
  • active power.
• Relay-contactor control, which allows the user to:
  • switch the circuit  of asynchronous motor with squirrel-cage rotor (star / delta);
  • change the value of the load resistor in three-phase circuit;
  • add a resistor to the field coil.
• Load resistors in three-phase circuit (two stages);
• Overvoltage dump resistors on intelligent modules;
• Three two-winding transformers.

Frequency converter and pulse-width converter are switched on for internal network operation (recovery mode) in order to reduce power consumption from the network.

The wiring diagrams of the studied objects are depicted on the front panel. All the diagrams are divided into groups in accordance with the lab theme. The panel contains switching sockets, indicators of digital devices, switchgear, and controls that allow the user to change parameters of the elements during the laboratory work.

Controls on the bench front panel:

• setpoint potentiometer to control the reverse pulse-width converter, the reference signal of the closed system;
• setpoint potentiometers of frequency converter, which allow for the smooth change of output frequency and the output voltage;
• relay subsystem controls.

To carry out the lab it’s necessary to assemble the circuit of the studied object, using standardized jumpers, which allow the user to assemble the circuit without loss of clarity.

The training system is supplied with:

• a set of teaching materials and technical documentation intended for the teaching staff;
• software provides the following opportunities:
  • studying theoretical materials;
  • perform an initial test and consolidate the acquired knowledge using the test included in the software;
  • perform the experiment in the dialogue mode with PC according to the detailed instructions, registering your observations and measurements in the appropriate fields and tables of the program. Based on the obtained data, the program provides implementation of calculations and the construction of curves (depending on the content of the laboratory work);
  • generate a final report about laboratory work, saved in .doc format.